Question

question 70
heart failure patients with a lower ejection fraction will have which symptoms?
fatigue and dyspnea without volume overload
impairment of ventricular filling and relaxation
exertionally related, mild dyspnea
left ventricular systolic dysfunction causing pump failure

Explanation:

Heart failure patients with a lower ejection fraction typically have left ventricular systolic dysfunction. This dysfunction impairs the heart's ability to pump blood effectively (pump failure). Fatigue occurs due to reduced cardiac output and thus less oxygen - rich blood reaching the tissues. Dyspnea (shortness of breath) is a common symptom as the heart's inability to pump properly can lead to fluid accumulation (even if not in a state of overt volume overload initially, the underlying pump problem affects gas exchange).
Impairment of ventricular filling and relaxation is more related to diastolic heart failure. Exertionally related mild dyspnea is a rather non - specific and mild description that does not fully capture the typical symptoms of low ejection fraction heart failure.

Answer:

Fatigue and dyspnea without volume overload.