Question

question 9 of 10

which numbered pair of sentences best completes the diagram showing attempts at desegregation at the university of alabama?

diagram: two black students are admitted to the university of alabama. -> 1 -> 2 -> the university of alabama becomes racially integrated.

a. (1) a riot breaks out at the university of alabama. (2) the national guard is sent to the university to restore order.
b. (1) the governor sends the national guard to prevent integration at the university of alabama. (2) protestors arrive by bus in large numbers at the university.
c. (1) the governor sends the national guard to prevent integration at the university of alabama. (2) a riot breaks out at the university.
d. (1) the governor vows to stop integration at the university of alabama. (2) the national guard is sent to the university to restore order.

Explanation:

Analyze the historical context

The diagram outlines the sequence of events surrounding the desegregation of the University of Alabama in June 1963.

• Initial Event: Two Black students (Vivian Malone and James Hood) are admitted to the University of Alabama.
• Final Event: The University of Alabama becomes racially integrated.

Evaluate the historical sequence

We need to identify the correct historical actions that occurred between these two points:

1. Governor's Action (1): Alabama Governor George Wallace vowed to block the enrollment of the students, leading to his famous "Stand in the Schoolhouse Door." He used the Alabama National Guard to block their entry.
2. Federal Response (2): President John F. Kennedy federalized the Alabama National Guard, ordering them to assist in enforcing the federal court order and allowing the students to safely register, thereby restoring order and enabling integration.

Compare the options

• Option A: Suggests a riot broke out first, which is inaccurate for this specific event (unlike the integration of the University of Mississippi in 1962).
• Option B: Suggests protestors arrived by bus in large numbers as the second step, which does not directly lead to the peaceful integration of the campus.
• Option C: Suggests a riot broke out as the second step, which is historically incorrect for the June 11, 1963 event.
• Option D: Correctly identifies that (1) the governor vowed to stop integration (Wallace's stand) and (2) the National Guard (federalized) was sent to restore order and ensure the students could register.

Answer:

• A. (1) A riot breaks out at the University of Alabama. (2) The National Guard is sent to the university to restore order.
• B. (1) The governor sends the National Guard to prevent integration at the University of Alabama. (2) Protestors arrive by bus in large numbers at the university.
• C. (1) The governor sends the National Guard to prevent integration at the University of Alabama. (2) A riot breaks out at the university.
• D. (1) The governor vows to stop integration at the University of Alabama. (2) The National Guard is sent to the university to restore order. (Correct answer)