Question

question 5 of 10

what did marcus garvey believe was the key to achieving prosperity and acceptance for black americans?

a. encouraging black americans to attend universities and receive higher education
b. empowering black communities to operate independently from white society
c. challenging jim crow segregation and breaking through racial barriers
d. influencing the american political system by voting for and electing black candidates

Explanation:

Analyze Marcus Garvey's core philosophy

Marcus Garvey was a prominent leader of the Pan-Africanism and Black Nationalism movements in the early 20th century. Unlike other civil rights leaders of his era, Garvey did not believe that integration into white American society was possible or desirable. Instead, he advocated for Black self-reliance, economic independence, and racial pride.

Evaluate the options against Garvey's beliefs

• Option A: Encouraging higher university education is more closely aligned with the "Talented Tenth" philosophy of W.E.B. Du Bois.
• Option B: Empowering Black communities to operate independently from white society directly reflects Garvey's philosophy of Black Nationalism, economic self-sufficiency (such as his Black Star Line shipping company), and separate development.
• Option C: Challenging Jim Crow segregation directly to achieve integration was the focus of organizations like the NAACP, which Garvey often criticized.
• Option D: Working within the American political system to elect Black candidates was not Garvey's primary focus, as he believed true liberation lay in global Black solidarity and self-determination outside of white-dominated systems.

Formulate the final conclusion

Garvey's core message was centered on economic independence and self-determination, which meant establishing separate, self-reliant Black-owned institutions and communities. Therefore, Option B is the correct answer.

Answer:

• (A) Encouraging Black Americans to attend universities and receive higher education
• (B) Empowering Black communities to operate independently from white society (Correct answer)
• (C) Challenging Jim Crow segregation and breaking through racial barriers
• (D) Influencing the American political system by voting for and electing Black candidates