practice:
10. list the six steps in the scientific method. beside them list the nine components of a lab report.
11. outline a sample experiment you could set up to investigate the effect of drinking starbucks on student test scores. list all components in the 2nd objective above.
12. list the type of graph that would be most appropriate in the following scenarios:
a. percentage of students in each grade in the school.
b. the change in mass of firewood before heating and after.
c. the effect of the amount of conditioner used on hair length.

Question

practice:
10. list the six steps in the scientific method. beside them list the nine components of a lab report.
11. outline a sample experiment you could set up to investigate the effect of drinking starbucks on student test scores. list all components in the 2nd objective above.
12. list the type of graph that would be most appropriate in the following scenarios:
    a. percentage of students in each grade in the school.
    b. the change in mass of firewood before heating and after.
    c. the effect of the amount of conditioner used on hair length.

Accepted Answer

### Question 10
# Brief Explanations:
The six steps of the scientific method are: 1. Ask a question, 2. Do background research, 3. Construct a hypothesis, 4. Test with an experiment, 5. Analyze data and draw conclusions, 6. Communicate results. The nine components of a lab report are: 1. Title, 2. Abstract, 3. Introduction, 4. Materials and Methods, 5. Results, 6. Discussion, 7. Conclusion, 8. References, 9. Appendices.
# Answer:
Six steps of scientific method: 1. Ask a question, 2. Do background research, 3. Construct a hypothesis, 4. Test with an experiment, 5. Analyze data and draw conclusions, 6. Communicate results.

Nine components of lab report: 1. Title, 2. Abstract, 3. Introduction, 4. Materials and Methods, 5. Results, 6. Discussion, 7. Conclusion, 8. References, 9. Appendices.

### Question 11
# Brief Explanations:
1. **Question**: Does drinking Starbucks affect student test scores?
2. **Background Research**: Research on caffeine's effects on cognition, previous studies on coffee and academic performance.
3. **Hypothesis**: Drinking Starbucks (with caffeine) will improve student test scores.
4. **Experiment**:
   - **Materials**: Starbucks coffee (same type, size), test papers, volunteers (students), timers, scales (for coffee quantity).
   - **Methods**:
     - Divide students into two groups (experimental: drinks Starbucks, control: drinks decaf or water).
     - Give both groups the same test after a set time (e.g., 30 minutes) of drinking.
     - Ensure same test conditions (quiet room, same time of day).
5. **Data Analysis**: Compare test scores between groups using statistical methods (e.g., t - test).
6. **Conclusion**: State if hypothesis is supported (e.g., if experimental group scores higher, caffeine from Starbucks may improve scores).
7. **Communication**: Write a lab report with all components (title, abstract, etc.) or present findings.
# Answer:
- **Question**: Does drinking Starbucks affect student test scores?
- **Background Research**: Research caffeine - cognition links and coffee - academic performance studies.
- **Hypothesis**: Drinking Starbucks improves student test scores.
- **Experiment**:
  - **Materials**: Starbucks coffee, test papers, student volunteers, timers, coffee quantity scales.
  - **Methods**: Split students into experimental (drink Starbucks) and control (drink decaf/water) groups. Administer same test 30 minutes post - drinking in same conditions.
- **Data Analysis**: Use t - test to compare test scores of the two groups.
- **Conclusion**: State if hypothesis is supported (e.g., experimental group scores higher → caffeine may improve scores).
- **Communication**: Write lab report or present findings.

### Question 12
#### Part a
# Brief Explanations:
A pie chart is used to show the proportion (percentage) of different categories (grades) within a whole (school population). Each grade's percentage is a slice of the pie, and the sum of all slices is 100%.
# Answer:
a. Pie chart

#### Part b
# Brief Explanations:
A bar graph (specifically a double - bar graph) can be used to compare the mass of firewood before and after heating. We can have two bars for each sample of firewood, one representing the mass before heating and the other after, making it easy to see the change.
# Answer:
b. Bar graph (double - bar graph)

#### Part c
# Brief Explanations:
A scatter plot is appropriate as we are looking at the relationship between two variables: the amount of conditioner (independent variable, on the x - axis) and hair length (dependent variable, on the y - axis). Each data point represents a pair of values (amount of conditioner, hair length), and we can see if there is a correlation (positive, negative, or none).
# Answer:
c. Scatter plot

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