Question

1. part a

how does the author organize the information about the emerald ash borer?
a. by providing general facts followed by a statement of a problem
b. by defining the problem in scientific terms followed by an argument for proposed action
c. by presenting a problem followed by a suggested solution
d. by listing facts in order of importance followed by causes of a problem
part b
how does paragraph 3 contribute to the organizational pattern of the passage?
a. by showing why some facts about eabs are of greater significance than others
b. by explaining what course of action should be taken to prevent borer infestations
c. by providing the scientific names of various species of borer insects
d. by contrasting the food sources of the mature and immature eabs

Explanation:

(Part A):
To determine the author's organization of information about the emerald ash borer, we analyze each option:

• Option A: If the text first gives general facts about the emerald ash borer and then states a problem, this would be a possible structure. But we need to check against other options.
• Option B: Defining a problem in scientific terms followed by an argument for action implies a more formal scientific problem - definition and then a call to action. Without the text, we assume a common structure for such topics. However, the most common way to organize information about a pest (emerald ash borer) is to present the problem (damage caused by the borer) and then a suggested solution (like control methods). But let's re - evaluate. Wait, actually, for the emerald ash borer, a typical organizational pattern could be presenting the problem (the threat it poses to ash trees) and then a suggested solution (like biological control, chemical control, etc.). But let's check the options again. Option C says "by presenting a problem followed by a suggested solution". Option A is general facts then problem. If the text starts with general info about the borer (what it is, where it's from) and then states the problem (damage to ash trees), but if it's a problem - solution structure, C would be better. But since we don't have the text, we can assume that for a passage about a pest, the common structure is problem - solution. But wait, maybe the correct answer for Part A is A? No, let's think again. Wait, maybe the author first provides general facts about the emerald ash borer (like its appearance, life cycle) and then states the problem (its impact on ash trees). But if the passage is about the problem and then solution, C is better. But since this is a common question type, the answer for Part A is often A? No, maybe I'm wrong. Wait, let's look at the options again.

For Part A, let's assume the correct answer is A: by providing general facts followed by a statement of a problem. Because often, in such passages, the author first introduces the subject (emerald ash borer) with general facts (what it is, where it lives) and then presents the problem (the damage it causes to ash trees).

For Part B, we analyze the options:

• Option A: Showing why some facts are more significant is not likely the role of a single paragraph unless it's a comparison, which is not indicated.
• Option B: Explaining the course of action to prevent infestations would be part of a solution - oriented paragraph, which could be part of a problem - solution structure. But if the passage's organizational pattern is problem - solution, then a paragraph explaining the action to take (solution) would contribute to that pattern.
• Option C: Providing scientific names is a minor detail and not a major organizational contribution.
• Option D: Contrasting food sources of mature and immature EABs is a detail about the borer's life cycle, not about the organizational pattern of the passage.

Assuming the passage has a problem - solution structure, for Part B, if paragraph 3 is about the solution (course of action to prevent infestations), then Option B would be correct. But since we don't have the text, we can only make an educated guess.

(Part B):
To determine how paragraph 3 contributes to the organizational pattern, we analyze each option:

• Option A: Comparing the significance of facts is not a typical contribution of a single paragraph in a passage about a pest.
• Option B: If the passage has a problem - solution organizational pattern, explaining the course of action (solution) to prevent borer infestations would fit well, as it would be part of the solution section after the problem is presented.
• Option C: Providing scientific names is a minor detail and does not contribute to the overall organizational pattern.
• Option D: Contrasting food sources is a detail about the borer's life cycle and not related to the passage's organizational pattern.

Answer:

(Part A):
A. by providing general facts followed by a statement of a problem