Question

part 9 - fast facts - use the words in the word bank to answer the questions below.
word bank disaccharide starch glucose oxygen

1. carbohydrates contain the same ratio of 2 hydrogen atoms to 1 _ atom.
2. joining two monosaccharides together makes a _.
3. _, fructose, and galactose have the same chemical formula: c₆h₁₂o₆.
4. potatoes and grains have a high amount of _.

word bank unsaturated saturated energy waxes

1. lipids store more _ than carbohydrates.
2. fats, oils, and _ are examples of lipids.
3. _ fats are found in animal fat and solid at room temperature.
4. plant and fish oils are high in _ fats and liquid at room temperature.

word bank r-group enzymes peptide polypeptides

1. _ are proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in our bodies.
2. long chains of amino acids are called _.
3. the _ on an amino acid varies from among amino acids.
4. amino acids are held together by _ bonds.

word bank hereditary organic hydrogen phosphorus dna

1. nucleic acids, which are inherited from parents, store _ information.
2. _ and rna are examples of nucleic acids.
3. nucleic acids are the only macromolecules that have the element _.
4. carbon dioxide is not considered by most scientists to be _.
5. two elements always found in organic compounds are _ and oxygen.

Explanation:

1. Carbohydrates have a general formula \(C_x(H_2O)_y\), so they have a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms.
2. By definition, two monosaccharides joined together form a disaccharide.
3. Glucose, fructose, and galactose are all monosaccharides with the formula \(C_6H_{12}O_6\).
4. Potatoes and grains are known to be high in starch, a polysaccharide.
5. Lipids are more energy - dense than carbohydrates.
6. Waxes are a type of lipid, along with fats and oils.
7. Saturated fats are typically solid at room temperature and found in animal fat.
8. Unsaturated fats (like those in plant and fish oils) are liquid at room temperature.
9. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in biological reactions.
10. Long chains of amino acids are called polypeptides.
11. The R - group is what varies among different amino acids.
12. Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds.
13. Nucleic acids (like DNA and RNA) store hereditary information.
14. DNA is one of the main nucleic acids (along with RNA).
15. Phosphorus is a key element in nucleic acids (e.g., in the phosphate groups of DNA and RNA).
16. Carbon dioxide is an inorganic compound.
17. Carbon is a key element in organic compounds (along with hydrogen and often oxygen).

Answer:

1. Oxygen
2. Disaccharide
3. Glucose
4. Starch
5. Energy
6. Waxes
7. Saturated
8. Unsaturated
9. Enzymes
10. Polypeptides
11. R - Group
12. Peptide
13. Hereditary
14. DNA
15. Phosphorus
16. Organic
17. Carbon