Question

original: the fundamental difference between art and entertainment is that artists create primarily to express themselves, making little compromise to appeal to public taste, whereas entertainers create primarily to please an audience. entertainment is designed to amuse us and make us feel good about who we believe we are and the values we hold. entertainment, according to dana gioia, former head of the national endowment for the arts, \exploits and manipulates who we are rather than challenging us with a vision of who we might become.\ entertainment is designed from the beginning to reinforce the consumer’s values and beliefs.
source: downs, william m., et al. the art of theater: then and now. 4th ed., e - book, cengage, 2018.
paraphrase: entertainers do not create art, or products of self - expression; rather, they create projects that reflect back to the audience what the audience wants to see in themselves. instead of engaging us by expanding the possibilities of who we are—by asking us to question our values and beliefs—entertainment reinforces the status quo.
which errors in the practice of paraphrasing are evident in the example above?
check all that apply.
□ misunderstanding of original’s meaning
□ synonyms that distort the original’s meaning
□ missing source information
□ excessive use of source words, phrases, and sentence structure

Explanation:

1. Misunderstanding of original’s meaning: The original states entertainers create to please audiences (reinforce values), while the paraphrase says they "do not create art" (original distinguishes art vs entertainment, not say entertainers don't create art) and misrepresents the engagement (original: amuse, paraphrase: "instead of engaging..."). So this error applies.
2. Synonyms that distort the original’s meaning: Phrases like "do not create art" (original: artists create to express, entertainers to please—no claim entertainers don't create art) and misframed "reflect back" vs original "amuse, reinforce" distort meaning. So this error applies.
3. Missing source information: The paraphrase does not include the source (Downs, William M., et al. and Dana Gioia reference) as part of the paraphrase or citation, so this error applies.
4. Excessive use of source words, phrases, and sentence structure: The paraphrase rephrases but doesn't overly repeat source structure/words (it's a new phrasing), so this is not evident.

Answer:

• Misunderstanding of original’s meaning
• Synonyms that distort the original’s meaning
• Missing source information