Question

multiple choice
identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. identify the correct sequence of molecules, as a gene goes from coded information in the nucleus, to the product the cell wants to make.

a. dna ⇒ messenger rna ⇒ transfer rna ⇒ protein
b. dna ⇒ transfer rna ⇒ messenger rna ⇒ protein
c. dna ⇒ transfer rna ⇒ protein ⇒ messenger rna
d. protein ⇒ messenger rna ⇒ transfer rna ⇒ dna

1. which of the following would be least likely to happen as a result of a mutation in a person’s skin cells?

a. skin cancer
b. reduced functioning of the skin cell
c. no change in functioning of the skin cell
d. the person’s offspring have mutated skin

1. which series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size?

a. chromosome, nucleus, cell, dna, nucleotide
b. cell, nucleus, chromosome, dna, nucleotide
c. nucleotide, chromosome, cell, dna, nucleus
d. cell, nucleotide, nucleus, dna, chromosome

1. the table shows the results of measuring the percentages of the four bases in the dna of several different organisms. some of the values are missing from the table.

nitrogenous bases (%)

	a	g	t	c
chicken	28.8			21.5
bacterium (e. coli)	13.4

based on chargaff’s rule, the percentages of guanine bases in chicken dna should be around
a. 28.8%
b. 19.9%
c. 21.5%
d. 13.4%

1. a cellular process uses a strand of genetic material to produce a new strand. parts of the strand are shown below.

original strand: att cag
new strand: uaa guc
the process being modeled here is best described in which of the choices below?
a. dna synthesis that will be used for protein synthesis
b. transcription that will be used for protein synthesis
c. translation that will be used for protein synthesis
d. replication that will be used for protein synthesis

1. which of the following carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis?

a. trna
b. rrna
c. mrna
d. nrna

Explanation:

Question 1

The central dogma of molecular biology states that genetic information flows from DNA to mRNA (transcription) and then from mRNA to protein with the help of tRNA (translation). So the correct sequence is DNA → messenger RNA → transfer RNA → protein.

Mutations in skin cells (somatic cells) are not passed on to offspring. Offspring inherit genetic material from germ cells (sperm or egg). Skin cancer, reduced or no change in skin cell function can result from skin cell mutations, but offspring having mutated skin is least likely.

The size order from largest to smallest: Cell (contains nucleus) → Nucleus (contains chromosomes) → Chromosome (made of DNA) → DNA (made of nucleotides) → Nucleotide. So the correct order is cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide.

Answer:

a. DNA ⇒ messenger RNA ⇒ transfer RNA ⇒ protein

Question 2