Question

migrant farm workers
in the 1960s, migrant farm workers, who traveled to the u.s. for seasonal work, labored under horrible conditions. they were paid low wages, had no access to toilets in the fields where they worked, and lived in unheated shacks. how could farm laborers with no voice combat this problem? activists cesar chavez and dolores huerta joined forces to help them. they created a union called the united farm workers, or ufw, and organized california grape pickers to leave the fields and go on strike. they also initiated a boycott, convincing millions of people around the country to stop buying california grapes from nonunion growers. by 1970, many grape growers had signed an agreement with the ufw, promising higher wages, better working conditions, and health - care benefits.
what is the main, or central, idea of the passage?
activists cesar chavez and dolores huerta cofounded the united farm workers union.
cesar chavez and dolores huerta organized farm workers to get better pay and working conditions.
in the 1960s, migrant farm workers worked in harsh environments for low pay, but they lacked a way to fight for better working conditions.

Explanation:

The passage starts by describing the poor conditions of migrant farm workers in the 1960s. Then it introduces activists Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta. Their actions - creating a union (United Farm Workers), organizing strikes, and initiating a boycott - are aimed at helping farm workers. The result is that by 1970, grape growers signed agreements for better pay and working conditions. The main idea should cover the activists' efforts and the outcome for the workers.
The first option only mentions co - founding the union, which is part of the story but not the whole. The third option only describes the workers' situation without the solution part. The second option, "Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta organized farm workers to get better pay and working conditions", encompasses both the action (organizing) and the goal (better pay and conditions), which is in line with the overall content of the passage.

Answer:

Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta organized farm workers to get better pay and working conditions.