Question

1. match the statements with the words.

black hole: these bodies fuse their fuel much more quickly than smaller stars and after exploding can either collapse into a black hole or become a neutron star.
massive star: this body has such strong gravity that light cannot escape.
nebula: this is a cloud of dust and gas involved in star formation.
average star: after burning for billions of years, this object expands into a red giant and can become a planetary nebula or a white dwarf.
photosphere: sunspots may be seen here on the surface layer of the sun.
corona: the outermost layer of the sun is where disturbances including solar flares and solar wind occur.

Explanation:

To solve the matching, we analyze each term and statement:

1. Black hole: The statement "This body has such strong gravity that light cannot escape" matches, as black holes have escape velocity > speed of light.
2. Massive star: "These bodies fuse their fuel much more quickly than smaller stars and after exploding can either collapse into a black hole or become a neutron star" fits, as massive stars evolve faster and have such fates.
3. Nebula: "This is a cloud of dust and gas involved in star formation" matches, as nebulae are stellar nurseries.
4. Average star: "After burning for billions of years, this object expands into a red giant and can become a planetary nebula or a white dwarf" describes average (like Sun - type) stars.
5. Photosphere: "Sunspots may be seen here on the surface layer of the sun" matches, as sunspots are on the photosphere.
6. Corona: "The outermost layer of the sun is where disturbances including solar flares and solar wind occur" fits, as corona is the sun’s outermost atmosphere with such activities.

Answer:

• Black hole: This body has such strong gravity that light cannot escape.
• Massive star: These bodies fuse their fuel much more quickly than smaller stars and after exploding can either collapse into a black hole or become a neutron star.
• Nebula: This is a cloud of dust and gas involved in star formation.
• Average star: After burning for billions of years, this object expands into a red giant and can become a planetary nebula or a white dwarf.
• Photosphere: Sunspots may be seen here on the surface layer of the sun.
• Corona: The outermost layer of the sun is where disturbances including solar flares and solar wind occur.