Question

b. look at the underlined verbs. write \f\ for finite verbs, \prp\ for present participles, \pp\ for past participles, \g\ for gerunds, \ti\ for to-infinitives, and \bi\ for bare infinitives.

1. the shrinkage of the arctic ice cap makes people realize the destructive consequence of global warming.
2. a polar bears fur differs from other bear species in an interesting way.
3. the relatively long neck of a polar bear makes swimming easier.
4. the polar bear has a keen sense of smell, so it can easily detect prey on land.
5. to outrun a polar bear is impossible as it can reach a speed of 40 kilometres per hour.
6. the polar bear is now on the long list of endangered animal species.
7. let us all do something to help stop global warming so the polar bear will not become extinct.

Explanation:

Analyze the task instructions

Using the Reading Comprehension knowledge point, we identify the classification rules:

• "F" for finite verbs (agrees with subject, shows tense).
• "PRP" for present participles (functions as adjective, ends in -ing).
• "PP" for past participles (functions as adjective, ends in -ed/-en).
• "G" for gerunds (functions as noun, ends in -ing).
• "TI" for to-infinitives (to + verb).
• "BI" for bare infinitives (infinitive without "to").

Classify items 1 to 3

• Item 1: "realize" follows the causative verb "makes" + object "people". It is a bare infinitive. Label: "BI".
• Item 2: "interesting" modifies the noun "way". It is a present participle functioning as an adjective. Label: "PRP".
• Item 3: "swimming" is the direct object of the verb "makes" (functioning as a noun). It is a gerund. Label: "G".

Classify items 4 to 5

• Item 4: "has" is the main verb of the clause, agreeing with "The polar bear". It is a finite verb. Label: "F".
• Item 5: "To outrun" is a "to" followed by a verb, acting as the subject. It is a to-infinitive. Label: "TI".

Classify items 6 to 7

• Item 6: "endangered" modifies the noun "animal". It is a past participle functioning as an adjective. Label: "PP".
• Item 7: "do" follows the auxiliary/modal-like "let us" (us do). It is a bare infinitive. Label: "BI".

Answer:

No.	Answer
2	PRP
3	G
4	F
5	TI
6	PP
7	BI