Question

1. list seven routes of medication administration.
2. what are the “nine rights” of medication administration?
3. list three characteristics of epinephrine.
4. what are the steps for administering intranasal naloxone?
5. list four effects of nitroglycerin.
6. explain why metered - dose inhalers are often used with a spacer.

Explanation:

1. Common routes of medication administration include oral (by mouth), intravenous (into a vein), intramuscular (into a muscle), subcutaneous (under the skin), rectal (into the rectum), topical (on the skin), and inhalation (breathing in).
2. The "nine rights" of medication administration are right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time, right reason, right documentation, right response, and right to refuse.
3. Characteristics of epinephrine: a hormone and neurotransmitter, stimulates the sympathetic nervous - system, used in emergency treatment of anaphylaxis.
4. Steps for administering intranasal naloxone generally include checking the patient's condition, preparing the naloxone device, inserting the device into the nostril, and delivering the dose.
5. Effects of nitroglycerin: vasodilation (widens blood vessels), reduces myocardial oxygen demand, relieves angina pain, and can lower blood pressure.
6. Metered - dose inhalers are often used with a spacer to slow down the movement of the medication particles, allowing more of the drug to reach the lungs and less to deposit in the mouth and throat.

Answer:

1. Oral, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, rectal, topical, inhalation
2. Right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time, right reason, right documentation, right response, right to refuse
3. Hormone and neurotransmitter; Stimulates sympathetic nervous system; Used in anaphylaxis treatment
4. Check patient condition; Prepare device; Insert into nostril; Deliver dose
5. Vasodilation; Reduces myocardial oxygen demand; Relieves angina; Lowers blood pressure
6. To allow more drug to reach lungs and less to deposit in mouth and throat