Question

1. the ld50 for nicotine in rats is 50 mg/kg. in humans is 0.8 mg/kg.

a. is nicotine more toxic or less toxic for humans than rats? humans
b. how much nicotine would kill half of humans who weighed 60 kg (132 lbs)?
m = 48 mg
c. vape cartridges (e - juices) can range from 0mg to 18mg nicotine. how many 8mg e - juices would it take to kill half of people who weighed 60 kg? (assuming the person vaped them consecutively and in a short amount of time)
n = 48/8
n = 6 e - juices
d. a nicotine patch on the skin (for people trying to quit smoking) absorbs nicotine directly into the bloodstream. some stronger patches contain 20 mg nicotine. how many patches would kill half of people weighing 60kg? (note: most patches are worn for the entire day with small amounts going into the bloodstream over many hours to be safe).

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate the amount of nicotine for a 60 - kg human

The LD50 for humans is \(0.8\space mg/kg\). For a \(m = 60\space kg\) human, the amount of nicotine \(N\) is \(N=0.8\times60\).

$$N = 48\space mg$$

Step2: Calculate the number of 20 - mg patches

Let the number of patches be \(n\). We know that the total amount of nicotine needed is \(48\space mg\) and each patch has \(20\space mg\) of nicotine. So \(n=\frac{48}{20}\).

$$n = 2.4$$

Since we can't have a fraction of a patch, and we need to reach at least \(48\space mg\), we need to round up.

Answer:

\(3\) patches