Question

the law of segregation predicts which phenomenon during gamete formation?
two dominant alleles placed adjacently in the parents genome will pass on to different gametes.
dominant alleles will be passed on to gametes slightly more than half of the time.
when both recessive and dominant alleles for a trait are present in the parent, both will be passed on to the same gamete.
a single random allele from each pair of parent alleles will be passed on to the gamete.

Explanation:

Mendel's law of segregation states that during gamete formation, the two alleles for each gene separate. Each gamete receives one allele from each pair of alleles in the parent. It is a random process. Dominant and recessive alleles are not always adjacent. Also, dominant alleles are not passed on more frequently than recessive ones (it's a 50 - 50 chance for each allele in a heterozygous parent). And when both recessive and dominant alleles are present (heterozygous), they do not go to the same gamete.

Answer:

A single random allele from each pair of parent alleles will be passed on to the gamete.