Question

the law of independent assortment states that separate
for separate traits are passed independently of one
another from parents to offspring.
check it

Explanation:

The Law of Independent Assortment in biology (a subfield of Natural Science) states that during the formation of gametes, the segregation of one pair of alleles (genes) is independent of the segregation of another pair. This means that the inheritance of one trait does not influence the inheritance of another trait, as the alleles for different traits assort independently into gametes. So the missing word here is "that" (to complete the sentence: "The Law of Independent Assortment states that separate [segregation events] for separate traits are passed independently of one another from parents to offspring" – more precisely, the key concept is that the segregation (or assortment) of different trait - related alleles is independent. But in the context of the sentence structure, the word to fill in is "that" to make the sentence grammatically correct and convey the meaning that the law states the condition about the independent passing of traits' inheritance factors.

Answer:

that