Question

kate takes a small ball, attaches it to a string and ties it to a fixed support in
which statement correctlydescribes the energy transformations?
○ kinetic energy is converted to potential energy as the ball moves from point
○ kinetic energy is converted to potential energy as the ball moves from point
○ potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as the ball moves from point p
○ potential energy is converted into kinetic energy as the ball moves from point q

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze energy transformations in a pendulum:

• At the highest points (P, R), the ball has maximum potential energy (PE) and minimum kinetic energy (KE) (since velocity is 0).
• At the lowest point (Q), the ball has maximum KE and minimum PE (since height is lowest).

• When moving from P to Q: PE (at P) decreases, KE increases (as speed increases). So PE converts to KE.
• When moving from Q to R: KE (at Q) decreases, PE increases (as height increases). So KE converts to PE.

Let’s evaluate the options (assuming the third option is "Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as the ball moves from point P to Q"):

• Option 1/2 (KE→PE) would apply to Q→R, not P→Q.
• The third option (PE→KE as P→Q) matches: PE at P (high) converts to KE at Q (fast).

Answer:

(Assuming the third option is "Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as the ball moves from point P to Q"):
The correct option (e.g., C. Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as the ball moves from point P to Q)