Question

how can refraining from smoking benefit an individual’s health?
a. retraining from smoking reduces an individual’s risk of contracting most types of diseases.
b. refraining from smoking eliminates the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.
c. refraining from smoking eliminates the risk of developing respiratory conditions, such as
asthma.
d. refraining from smoking reduces an individual’s risk of contracting certain types of diseases.

Explanation:

• Option A: Smoking is a risk factor for many diseases, but refraining from smoking doesn't reduce the risk of "most" types of diseases (e.g., genetic diseases not related to smoking are unaffected), so A is incorrect.
• Option B: Refraining from smoking reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases but doesn't eliminate it (other factors like diet, genetics can still cause them), so B is incorrect.
• Option C: Asthma can have non - smoking related causes (e.g., allergies), and refraining from smoking doesn't eliminate the risk of developing asthma (it can reduce the risk of smoking - related respiratory issues but not all respiratory conditions like asthma), so C is incorrect.
• Option D: Smoking is a risk factor for certain diseases (like lung cancer, some cardiovascular diseases). Refraining from smoking reduces the risk of contracting these certain types of diseases, which is a correct statement.

Answer:

D. Refraining from smoking reduces an individual’s risk of contracting certain types of diseases.