Question

how does a change in the dna sequence affect the amino acid produced during translation?
a change in the dna sequence sometimes changes the rna sequence,
which could lead to a different amino acid during translation.
a change in the dna sequence does not affect the rna sequence, but
may lead to a change in the amino acid sequence.
a change in the dna sequence changes the rna sequence, which
sometimes leads to a change in the resulting amino acid.
a change in the dna sequence results in a change to the rna sequence,
but does not change the amino acid created.

Explanation:

DNA is transcribed into RNA. A change in DNA (mutation) can change the RNA sequence. Since the genetic code is degenerate (some amino acids are coded by multiple codons), a change in RNA (due to DNA change) may or may not change the amino acid. For example, if the DNA change leads to an RNA codon that still codes for the same amino acid (silent mutation), no amino - acid change. But if it codes for a different amino acid (missense mutation), then the amino acid changes.

Answer:

C. A change in the DNA sequence changes the RNA sequence, which sometimes leads to a change in the resulting amino acid.