Question

heat and pressure can cause minerals in a rock to align in a single plane. this is called __. ripples cataclasis bedding foliation

Explanation:

• Ripples are small - scale sedimentary structures formed by water or wind action on loose sediments, not related to mineral alignment in rocks due to heat and pressure.
• Cataclasis is a process of rock deformation by mechanical grinding and fracturing of mineral grains, not about mineral alignment in a single plane due to heat and pressure.
• Bedding refers to the layering of sedimentary rocks formed by the deposition of sediments over time, not the alignment of minerals in a rock due to heat and pressure.
• Foliation is the alignment of minerals in a metamorphic rock due to directed heat and pressure, which matches the description in the question.

Answer:

Foliation