Question

a group within a culture that has some values, norms, and beliefs different than those of the larger culture. like the hippies of the 1960’s.
options: pluralism, counterculture, values, diffusion, ethnocentrism
the sociological term for the state of being excluded from social activity as an \outsider\ is referred to as
options: social control, social marginality, values, class consciousness

Explanation:

First Question:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Pluralism: Involves coexistence of diverse groups, not a group with different values from the larger culture.
• Counterculture: A group with values, norms, beliefs different from the larger culture (e.g., Hippies).
• Values: Are beliefs about what's good, not a group.
• Diffusion: Spread of cultural elements, not a group.
• Ethnocentrism: Judging other cultures by one's own, not a group.

Analyzing options:

• Social Control: Mechanisms to enforce norms, not about exclusion.
• Social Marginality: State of being an outsider, excluded from social activity.
• Values: Beliefs about goodness, not related to exclusion.
• Class Consciousness: Awareness of class position, not about exclusion.

Answer:

B. Counterculture

Second Question: