Question

in the figure below, between which parts of the molecule must the bonds be broken to form an adp molecule? 2 points
a and b
b and c
c and d
all of the above

unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in 2 points
animal cells only.
plant cells only.
all but plant cells.
all eukaryotic cells

Explanation:

First Question (ADP formation)

To form ADP from ATP, a phosphate group is removed. In the ATP structure (adenine - ribose - 3 phosphates), the bond between the last two phosphates (the third and second, or in the labeled parts, between C and D as the last phosphate is D - like) is the high - energy bond broken. Wait, actually, ATP has three phosphates: the structure is adenine (A - related), ribose (B - related), then three phosphates. ADP has two phosphates, so we break the bond between the second and third phosphate (C and D in the labels, where C is the second P and D is the third P? Wait, no, looking at the diagram: A is adenine, B is ribose, C is the first phosphate, then two more P (so C - P - P - P? Wait, no, the diagram shows A (adenine), B (ribose), then a chain of P: P - P - P. So ATP is A - B - P - P - P. ADP is A - B - P - P. So to go from ATP to ADP, we remove one P, so break the bond between the second and third P, which is between C and D (if C is the second P and D is the third P? Wait, the labels: A is adenine, B is ribose, C is the first phosphate (attached to ribose), then two more P. So the bonds between P are the high - energy bonds. So to get ADP (two P), we break the bond between the last two P, which is between C and D? Wait, no, let's re - label: A: adenine, B: ribose, C: first phosphate (connected to ribose), then P (second), P (third). So ATP: A - B - C - P - D (D is the third P). Wait, maybe the labels: A is adenine, B is ribose, C is the first phosphate group (attached to ribose), then two more phosphate groups. So the bond between the second and third phosphate (C and D? No, C is the first P, then P (second), P (third). So the bond between the second and third P (the last two P) is broken. So in the options, C and D are the parts between which the bond is broken.

Photosynthesis occurs in plant cells (and some bacteria) with chloroplasts. Cellular respiration occurs in all eukaryotic cells (plant, animal, fungal, etc.) because all eukaryotes need to break down glucose to get energy. Animal cells do it, plant cells do it (they respire too, not just photosynthesize), and other eukaryotes. The options: "animal cells only" is wrong (plants respire), "plant cells only" is wrong (animals respire), "all but plant cells" is wrong (plants respire). So "all eukaryotic cells" is correct.

Answer:

C and D

Second Question (Cellular Respiration)