Question

explaining how radiation transfers thermal energy
how does radiation transfer thermal energy from the sun
to earth?

Explanation:

Radiation is a form of energy transfer that does not require a medium. The Sun emits electromagnetic waves (including infrared, visible light, etc.) which travel through the vacuum of space. When these waves reach Earth, they are absorbed by various substances (like the atmosphere, land, water) and converted into thermal energy.

Answer:

The Sun emits electromagnetic waves (radiation). These waves travel through the vacuum of space. When they reach Earth, they are absorbed by different materials on Earth, and this absorption converts the wave energy into thermal energy.