Question

exists in all the cells of the body; skin cancer caused by uv exposure; not passed on to offspring; transferred via egg and sperm cells; found only in a specific cell type; inherited mutation; somatic mutation

Explanation:

To solve this, we recall the definitions of inherited and somatic mutations:

• Inherited Mutation: Mutations that are present in germ cells (egg and sperm) and thus passed on to offspring. They exist in all cells of the body (since the zygote with the mutation divides to form all cells).
• Somatic Mutation: Mutations that occur in somatic (non - germ) cells. They are not passed on to offspring, are found only in the specific cell type (or its descendants) where they occurred (e.g., skin cells in UV - induced skin cancer), and do not exist in all body cells.

Inherited Mutation:

• "transferred via egg and sperm cells": Inherited mutations are in germ cells (egg/sperm) and passed to offspring.
• "exists in all the cells of the body": Since the mutation is in the zygote, all cells derived from it have the mutation.

Somatic Mutation:

• "skin cancer caused by UV exposure": UV causes mutations in skin (somatic) cells.
• "not passed on to offspring": Somatic mutations are in non - germ cells, so they don't pass to offspring.
• "found only in a specific cell type": Somatic mutations are limited to the cell type (and its lineage) where they occurred (e.g., skin cells for UV - induced mutations).

Answer:

Inherited Mutation:

• transferred via egg and sperm cells
• exists in all the cells of the body

Somatic Mutation:

• skin cancer caused by UV exposure
• not passed on to offspring
• found only in a specific cell type