Question

this excerpt is taken from john lockes second treatise of government, which was originally published in 1690. ...95. men being, as has been said, by nature, all free, equal, and independent, no one can be put out of this estate, and subjected to the political power of another, without his own consent. the only way whereby any one divests surrenders himself of his natural liberty, and puts on the bonds of civil society, is by agreeing with other men to join and unite into a community for their comfortable, safe, and peaceable living one amongst another, in a secure enjoyment of their properties, and a greater security against any, that are not of it. this any number of men may do, because it injures not the freedom of the rest; they are left as they were in the liberty of the state of nature. when any number of men have so consented to make one community or government, they are thereby presently incorporated, and make one body politic, wherein the majority have a right to act and conclude the rest. ... source: c. b. macpherson, ed., john locke, second treatise of government, hackett publishing company 1. explain the 10 points historical circumstances that led john locke and other political philosophers to develop political ideas such as those expressed in his second treatise of government. your answer

Explanation:

John Locke and other political philosophers developed ideas like those in Second Treatise of Government due to several historical circumstances. The English Civil War (1642 - 1651) and Glorious Revolution (1688 - 1689) were pivotal. These events challenged the divine - right theory of monarchy. The divine - right theory held that kings derived their power directly from God. The upheavals of these wars and revolutions made thinkers question absolute authority.

The growth of commerce and the rise of a bourgeoisie also played a role. A more prosperous middle class wanted a say in governance to protect their property rights. Additionally, the Scientific Revolution (16th - 17th centuries) with its emphasis on reason and observation influenced political thought. Philosophers began to apply rational analysis to political systems, moving away from traditional, often religiously - based justifications for rule.

Answer:

John Locke and other political philosophers developed ideas in Second Treatise of Government because of the English Civil War and Glorious Revolution (challenging divine - right monarchy), the growth of commerce (bourgeoisie's demand for property - right protection), and the influence of the Scientific Revolution (rational approach to politics).