Question

dna structure and replication review
on the lines provided, complete the following sentences.

1. the letters dna stand for: __________.
2. the structure of a dna molecule can be described as a __________.
3. two scientists, ________ and ________ received a

nobel prize for discovering the structure of a dna molecule. however, they relied heavily on an x - ray
crystallography photography by __________ who did not receive a nobel prize.

1. genetics is the study of __________.
2. __________ was a monk who experimented with inheritance patterns using pea

plants and later became known as the father of __________.
circle the correct term to complete the sentences below.

1. during dna replication, the dna molecule (separates / combines ) into two strands.
2. at the end of dna replication, ( four / two ) new strands of dna have been produced, giving a total of

( four / two ) strands of dna.

1. new dna is replicated in strands complementary to old dna because production of new dna follows the

rules of ( base pairing / the double helix ) in a ( conservative / semi - conservative ) pattern.
identify the numbered parts of the dna molecule below and write the name on the corresponding lines.

Explanation:

1. DNA is an abbreviation for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, which is a well - known biological term.
2. The double - helix structure is the classic description of a DNA molecule, a fundamental concept in molecular biology.
3. Watson and Crick are famous for discovering the DNA structure. Rosalind Franklin's X - ray crystallography work was crucial but she missed the Nobel Prize (awarded posthumously not being allowed).
4. Genetics, by definition, focuses on heredity, which is its core subject matter.
5. Gregor Mendel's pea plant experiments are foundational in genetics, earning him the title "father of genetics".
6. During replication, the DNA molecule's two strands separate as a first step in the process.
7. DNA replication results in two new strands (semi - conservative replication: one old and one new in each of the two new DNA molecules, so total of two new strands).
8. Base pairing (A - T, G - C) rules ensure complementary replication, and it follows a semi - conservative pattern (each new DNA has one old strand).
9. The outer part of the DNA structure is the sugar - phosphate backbone.
10. The bonds between the nitrogenous bases (like A - T, G - C) are hydrogen bonds.
11. The nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine) are part of the nucleotide.
12. A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA, consisting of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base.

Answer:

1. Deoxyribonucleic Acid
2. double - helix
3. Watson; Crick; Rosalind Franklin
4. heredity
5. Gregor Mendel; genetics
6. separates
7. two; four
8. base pairing; semi - conservative
9. sugar - phosphate backbone
10. Hydrogen Bond
11. Nitrogenous base
12. nucleotide