Question

define the following terms:
trophic level-
________________________
ten percent rule-
________________________
phytoplankton-
________________________
biomass-
________________________
gross productivity-
________________________
net productivity-
________________________
producer vs. consumer-
________________________
cellular respiration (include the word equation)-
________________________
aerobic respiration-
________________________
cell differentiation-
________________________
stem cells-
________________________
parent cell-
________________________
fermentation-
________________________
homeostasis-
________________________
stomata-
________________________
photosynthesis-
________________________

Explanation:

• Trophic Level: Position in a food chain (producer, consumer, etc.).
• Ten Percent Rule: Only about 10% of energy transfers between trophic levels.
• Phytoplankton: Microscopic aquatic producers (photosynthetic).
• Biomass: Total mass of organisms in a given area.
• Gross Productivity: Total energy produced by producers.
• Net Productivity: Gross productivity minus energy used in respiration.
• Producer vs. Consumer: Producers make their own food (e.g., plants); consumers eat other organisms.
• Cellular Respiration: Process cells use to release energy from food (glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy).
• Aerobic Respiration: Respiration that requires oxygen.
• Cell Differentiation: Process by which cells become specialized.
• Stem Cells: Undifferentiated cells that can become various cell types.
• Parent Cell: Cell that divides to produce daughter cells.
• Fermentation: Anaerobic process (no oxygen) to release energy.
• Homeostasis: Maintenance of stable internal conditions.
• Stomata: Pores on plant leaves for gas exchange.
• Photosynthesis: Process plants use to make food (carbon dioxide + water + light → glucose + oxygen).

Answer:

• Trophic Level: Position in a food chain (producer, consumer, etc.).
• Ten Percent Rule: Only about 10% of energy transfers between trophic levels.
• Phytoplankton: Microscopic aquatic producers (photosynthetic).
• Biomass: Total mass of organisms in a given area.
• Gross Productivity: Total energy produced by producers.
• Net Productivity: Gross productivity minus energy used in respiration.
• Producer vs. Consumer: Producers make their own food (e.g., plants); consumers eat other organisms.
• Cellular Respiration: Process cells use to release energy from food (glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy).
• Aerobic Respiration: Respiration that requires oxygen.
• Cell Differentiation: Process by which cells become specialized.
• Stem Cells: Undifferentiated cells that can become various cell types.
• Parent Cell: Cell that divides to produce daughter cells.
• Fermentation: Anaerobic process (no oxygen) to release energy.
• Homeostasis: Maintenance of stable internal conditions.
• Stomata: Pores on plant leaves for gas exchange.
• Photosynthesis: Process plants use to make food (carbon dioxide + water + light → glucose + oxygen).