Question

data analysis: metastatic cancer
use the graph below to answer the questions that follow.
estimated numbers of individuals living with metastatic cancer in the u.s.
graph of estimated numbers of individuals living with metastatic cancer in the u.s. by cancer type, with bars for bladder, breast, colon and rectum, lung and bronchus, melanoma, prostate, showing de novo and recurrent metastatic prevalence
estimated numbers of individuals living with metastatic cancer in the u.s. on january 1, 2018, by cancer type, and percentage by cancer type who were diagnosed with metastasis de novo versus with early - stage disease that progressed to metastatic disease. numbers above each bar represent total estimated metastatic prevalence for each cancer type.
discussion questions:

1. a malignant tumor is one that has spread (metastasized) to other parts of the body. which type of cancer is the most likely to metastasize the first time someone gets it (de novo)?
2. which type of cancer is the least prevalent in the u.s. population?
3. which type of cancer has the highest rate of recurrence?
4. the bars on these graphs look very large, but the population in the u.s. in 2018 was 326.8 million people. based on the graph, what percentage of the population had any of the cancers listed here?

show your work:

1. cancer screenings for breast cancer, colon cancer, and prostate cancer are part of preventative medicine for adults in the united states. what would be some good ways to prevent lung cancer and melanoma?

Explanation:

Question 1

Step1: Identify de novo percentages

Look at the de novo (dark gray) percentages for each cancer: Bladder (71.9%), Breast (61.4%), Colon and Rectum (43.9%), Lung and Bronchus (30.0%), Melanoma (69.8%), Prostate (55.0%).

Step2: Find the highest percentage

Compare the percentages: 71.9% (Bladder) is the highest.

Step1: Identify total prevalence numbers

The total numbers above each bar: Bladder (15,767), Breast (140,230), Colon and Rectum (133,234), Lung and Bronchus (174,090), Melanoma (39,714), Prostate (130,368).

Step2: Find the smallest number

Compare the numbers: 15,767 (Bladder) is the smallest.

Step1: Calculate recurrence percentages

Recurrence percentage = 100% - de novo percentage. For Bladder: 100 - 71.9 = 28.1%; Breast: 100 - 61.4 = 38.6%; Colon and Rectum: 100 - 43.9 = 56.1%; Lung and Bronchus: 100 - 30.0 = 70.0%; Melanoma: 100 - 69.8 = 30.2%; Prostate: 100 - 55.0 = 45.0%.

Step2: Find the highest recurrence percentage

Compare the recurrence percentages: 70.0% (Lung and Bronchus) is the highest.

Answer:

Bladder cancer

Question 2