Question

consider the generalized cladogram of fish.
a fossilized fish is found that has jaws but no true bones. where does this fossil belong on the cladogram?
a
b
c

Explanation:

1. Analyze the cladogram: The "Jaws" trait splits the group, and "Bones" splits a subgroup.
2. The fossil has jaws (so it's in the group with jaws, not C) and no bones (so it's in the subgroup without bones, which is B, as A has bones).

Answer:

B. The fossil belongs to position B on the cladogram.