Question

complete the following statements in the blanks provided.

1. radiation from the skin surface and evaporation of sweat are two ways in which the skin helps to get rid of body (1).
2. fat in the (2) layer beneath the dermis helps to insulate the body.
3. the waterproofing protein found in the epidermal cells is called (3).
4. a vitamin that is manufactured in the skin is (4).
5. a localized concentration of melanin is (5).
6. wrinkling of the skin is due to loss of the (6) of the skin.
7. a decubitus ulcer results when skin cells are deprived of (7).

using the key choices, choose all responses that apply to the following descriptions. enter the appropriate letter(s) or term(s) in the answer blank. letters may be used more than once.
key choices:
a. stratum corneum d. stratum lucidum g. epidermis as a whole
b. stratum basale e. papillary layer h. dermis as a whole
c. stratum granulosum f. reticular layer

1. translucent cells, containing keratin
2. dead cells (2 answers for question 9)
3. dermis layer responsible for fingerprints
4. vascular region
5. epidermal region involved in rapid cell division; most inferior epidermal layer
6. scale-like cells full of keratin that constantly flake off
7. site of elastic and collagen fibers
8. site of melanin formation
9. major skin area from which the derivatives(hair, nails) arise (2 answers for question 16)

Explanation:

1. The skin helps get rid of body heat through radiation and sweat evaporation.
2. The hypodermis (subcutaneous) layer has fat for insulation.
3. Keratin is the waterproofing protein in epidermal cells.
4. Vitamin D is made in the skin.
5. A mole (nevus) is a localized melanin concentration.
6. Skin wrinkling is due to loss of elasticity.
7. Decubitus ulcers form when skin cells lack oxygen (and nutrients).
8. Stratum lucidum has translucent keratin - containing cells.
9. Stratum corneum (outermost) and stratum lucidum (in some areas) have dead cells.
10. Papillary layer forms fingerprints.
11. Dermis (H) is vascular.
12. Stratum basale is for rapid cell division (inferior epidermal layer).
13. Stratum corneum has flaking keratin - filled cells.
14. Reticular layer (F) has elastic and collagen fibers.
15. Stratum basale (B) is where melanin forms.
16. Epidermis (G) and dermis (H) are sources for skin derivatives.

Answer:

1. heat
2. hypodermis (subcutaneous)
3. keratin
4. Vitamin D
5. mole (nevus)
6. elasticity
7. oxygen (and nutrients)
8. D
9. A, D
10. E
11. H
12. B
13. A
14. F
15. B
16. G, H