Question

cohesion between molecules at the surface of a liquid is called surface tension. water molecules below waters surface form hydrogen bonds with molecules all around them. but water molecules at the surface form hydrogen bonds with only the molecules next to and below them. so, molecules at the surface experience a strong downward pull from the molecules below. this causes surface molecules to pull together, forming a barrier on waters surface that is resistant to breaking. surface tension allows some insects, like water striders, to walk on the surface of a pond. surface tension is also responsible for the spherical shape of a water drop. select the true statements. surface tension only forms on large bodies of water, such as lakes and ponds. hydrogen bonds between waters surface and a water strider allow it to walk on water. water molecules on the surface are pulled downward by the molecules below. surface tension only forms on small amounts of water, such as raindrops and dew drops.

Explanation:

The text explains surface tension in water. It mentions that water molecules below the surface form hydrogen bonds all around, while surface molecules form bonds only with adjacent and below molecules. This causes a downward pull on surface molecules, creating surface tension. Surface tension allows insects like water striders to walk on water and gives water drops a spherical shape.

• The first statement is false because surface tension forms on any body of water, not just large ones.
• The second statement is false because it's the surface tension (due to cohesive forces among water molecules) that allows water striders to walk, not hydrogen bonds between water surface and the strider.
• The third statement is true as per the text: "molecules at the surface experience a strong downward pull from the molecules below".
• The fourth statement is false because surface tension is a property of water (due to hydrogen bonding) and forms on any amount of water, not just small amounts.

Answer:

Water molecules on the surface are pulled downward by the molecules below.