Question

benefits they provide, some insects are better left untouched. when trying to identify whether or not an insect is harmful, one must pay attention to several important characteristics: color, smell, and sound.

some insects use camouflage to avoid detection from people and predators, however warning coloration is also an effective defensive mechanism. red, yellow, orange, and especially black are warning signs to stay away. the bright yellow colors of bees alert predators to their painful, stinging abilities. likewise, the black and orange colors of monarch butterflies, in contrast to the foliage that is green and in which they surround, issue warnings to potential predators. birds that foolishly prey on monarch butterflies will find themselves very ill from the toxins that monarch butterflies contain.

some insects produce offensive smells and unique sounds to repel people and predators invading their spaces. stinkbugs emit odors that can be sprayed several inches, linger for significant lengths of time, and smell similar to those produced by skunks. bombardier beetles excrete clouds of foul - smelling chemicals that are fatal to other insects and can cause slight burns to humans. madagascar cockroaches hiss when disturbed or alarmed, while rasping sounds that are audible even to humans are made by the wings of garden tiger moths. recognizing insects’ defense mechanisms, which vary in appearance and differ from species to species, helps people identify which insects are harmful to humans and best avoided.

which change, if any, is needed to the underlined text?

while rasping sounds that are audible even to humans are made by the wings of garden tiger moths

a. while rasping sounds are made by the wings of garden tiger moths that are audible even to humans

b. while rasping sounds audible even to humans that are made by the wings of garden tiger moths

c. while garden tiger moths make rasping sounds with their wings that are audible even to humans

d. no change

Explanation:

To determine the correct option, we analyze the original sentence and each choice:

• The original sentence is "while rasping sounds that are audible even to humans are made by the wings of garden tiger moths". We need to rephrase it for clarity and grammatical correctness.
• Option 1: "while rasping sounds are made by the wings of garden tiger moths that are audible even to humans" misplaces the "that are audible..." clause, making it seem like the moths (not the sounds) are audible.
• Option 2: "while rasping sounds audible even to humans that are made by the wings of garden tiger moths" also misplaces the clause, making "that are made..." refer to humans, which is incorrect.
• Option 3: "while garden tiger moths make rasping sounds with their wings that are audible even to humans" correctly structures the sentence, showing that the moths make sounds with their wings, and those sounds are audible to humans.
• Option 4: "No change" is incorrect because the original sentence's structure is less clear than Option 3.

Answer:

C. while garden tiger moths make rasping sounds with their wings that are audible even to humans (Note: Assuming the options are labeled A, B, C, D with Option 3 as C. If the original labeling is different, adjust accordingly based on the actual option order. From the given options, the third option (if ordered as presented: first option is "while rasping sounds are made...", second "while rasping sounds audible...", third "while garden tiger moths make...", fourth "No change") is the correct one, so the answer is the option stating "while garden tiger moths make rasping sounds with their wings that are audible even to humans".)