Question

analyze at the image below and answer the question that follows.

image by edward h. adelson
square a and square b are the same color. this illusion demonstrates which of the following?
a. illusions are influenced by perceptions of movement.
b. illusions are influenced by perceptual constancies.
c. illusions are influenced by the situational context.
d. illusions are influenced by tricks in depth perception.

Explanation:

Identify the visual phenomenon

The image displays Adelson's checker shadow illusion, where square A and square B are physically identical in luminance (shade of gray).

Analyze the role of perceptual constancy

Our visual system uses lightness constancy to perceive the relative reflectance of objects under different lighting conditions. It automatically discounts the shadow cast by the cylinder, making square B (perceived to be in shadow) look lighter than it physically is to maintain the perceived checkerboard pattern.

Match with the correct option

This demonstrates how our visual system is influenced by perceptual constancies (specifically lightness/color constancy) to maintain a stable perception of the world despite changing illumination.

Answer:

• (A) Illusions are influenced by perceptions of movement.
• (B) Illusions are influenced by perceptual constancies. (Correct answer)
• (C) Illusions are influenced by the situational context.
• (D) Illusions are influenced by tricks in depth perception.