Question

1. all of the genetic material that makes up an organism is its...

a. gamete
b. genome
c. phenotype
d. testcross

1. which of the following statements are true about genotypes?

a. genotypes consist of only one allele, inherited from only one parent as a result of sexual reproduction.
b. genotypes consist of two or more alleles, with one allele inherited from each parent as a result of sexual reproduction.
c. genotypes can be homozygous or heterozygous.
d. a & b are correct
e. b & c are correct

1. what is the expression of a genotype for observable characteristics or traits?

a. genotype
b. mutation
c. allele
d. phenotype
b.h.2: structure and function of dna in cells
use the diagram below to answer questions 10 - 12.

1. what method of studying genetic inheritance is shown above?

a. linkage map
b. punnett square
c. pedigree chart
d. karyotype

1. what do the shaded circles represent?

a. males affected by the phenotype.
b. females affected by the phenotype.
c. males unaffected by the phenotype.
d. females unaffected by the phenotype.

Explanation:

• Question 7: The genome is the complete set of genetic material in an organism. A gamete is a reproductive cell, phenotype is the observable traits, and a testcross is a genetic cross.
• Question 8: Genotypes consist of two or more alleles (one from each parent in sexual reproduction) and can be homozygous (two identical alleles) or heterozygous (two different alleles). So B (two or more alleles, one from each parent) and C (homozygous or heterozygous) are correct.
• Question 9: The phenotype is the expression of a genotype as observable characteristics. Genotype is the genetic makeup, mutation is a change in DNA, and allele is a variant form of a gene.
• Question 10: A pedigree chart shows the genetic inheritance across generations. A linkage map shows gene positions on a chromosome, Punnett square is for predicting genetic crosses, and karyotype is the number and appearance of chromosomes.
• Question 11: In the key, circles are female. Shaded means affected by the phenotype.

Answer:

1. b. Genome
2. e. B & C are correct
3. d. Phenotype
4. c. Pedigree Chart
5. b. Females affected by the phenotype