Question

1. according to freud, which of the following is true of the ego?

a. it focuses on how we ought to behave
b. it is the source of guilt
c. it is the part of the personality present at birth
d. it strives to satisfy basic drives
e. it operates under the reality principle

1. which of the following is true based on \big five\ personality traits research?

a. highly conscientious people are likely to be evening people or
ight owls\
b. highly conscientious people get poor grades
c. married partners scoring the same on agreeableness are more likely to experience marital dissatisfaction
d. shy introverts are more likely to prefer communicating through e - mail
e. neuroticism predicts the use of positive - emotion words in text messages

1. which of these is the lowest (on the pyramid) priority motive in abraham maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

a. belongingness and love needs
b. physiological needs
c. esteem needs
d. self - actualization needs
e. self - transcendence needs

1. which best describes the extent to which a test yields consistent results upon re - testing?

a. content validity
b. validity
c. reliability
d. predictive validity
e. normal curve

1. the purpose of alfred binet’s early intelligence test was to

a. predict how children would do in school
b. identify differences among ethnic and racial groups
c. help french graduates find the occupation in which they were most likely to succeed
d. establish the scientific definition of intelligence
e. facilitate \genetic breeding\ experiments

Explanation:

Question 36

Freud's personality theory: Id (present at birth, satisfies basic drives), Ego (operates under reality principle, mediates between id and superego), Superego (focuses on how we ought to behave, source of guilt). So the ego operates under the reality principle.

• Big Five traits: Conscientious people are organized, disciplined, less likely to be night owls (a wrong). Conscientious people tend to get good grades (b wrong). Married partners with same agreeableness are more satisfied (c wrong). Introverts (shy) prefer e - mail communication (d correct). Neuroticism is related to negative emotions, not positive - emotion words (e wrong).

Maslow's hierarchy of needs (from lowest to highest): Physiological needs (food, water, shelter), Belongingness and love, Esteem, Self - actualization, Self - transcendence. So physiological needs are the lowest priority.

Answer:

e. it operates under the reality principle

Question 37