Question

1. which of the following is not a power shared by federal, state, and local governments?

preventing and punishing crime
making and interpreting the law
waging war against other nations
collecting income tax

1. the turmoil in post - hussein iraq illustrates what about the forces that sustain democracy?

the existence of a large middle class is sufficient to sustain democracy.
democratic government cannot function effectively if disagreeing factions with each other instead of trusting political leaders to resolve their disagreements.
respect for popular sovereignty is sufficient to sustain democracy.

Explanation:

For question 22:

• Preventing and punishing crime is a shared power. States and localities handle most crime prevention and punishment, but federal government also has laws and agencies (like FBI for certain crimes).
• Making and interpreting law: States make state laws, localities have local ordinances (making law aspect), and all levels have their judicial systems for interpretation. Federal makes federal law and has Supreme Court etc. for interpretation.
• Collecting income tax: Federal government has income tax. Many states also have state - level income taxes. Some localities (like some cities) may have local income taxes or similar levies.
• Waging war against other nations: This is a power primarily (almost exclusively) of the federal government as per the U.S. Constitution.

For question 23:

• The existence of a large middle class is not sufficient. There are other factors like a culture of compromise, rule of law etc.
• Respect for popular sovereignty is not sufficient. Just having the principle of popular sovereignty does not ensure a functional democracy.
• In a democracy, when disagreeing factions fight instead of trusting political leaders (who are supposed to represent the people and work through democratic processes) to resolve disputes, the democratic government cannot function effectively. This is illustrated in post - Hussein Iraq where different ethnic and political factions' in - fighting has hindered the development of a stable democratic system.

Answer:

1. C. waging war against other nations
2. B. Democratic government cannot function effectively if disagreeing factions fight with each other instead of trusting political leaders to resolve their disagreements.