Question

1. sentences and grammar: review of phrases

(study 124, phrases; also suggested: 128e, use reduction)
part 1
classify each boldfaced phrase (use the abbreviations in parentheses):
prepositional phrase (prep)
gerund phrase (ger)
infinitive phrase (inf)
absolute phrase (abs)
participial phrase (part)
example: the economies of asian countries grew shaky.

1. although cooked potatoes are safe to eat, the stems and leaves of potato plants contain a poison called solanine.
2. the large strange insect hiding among the weeds is a praying mantis.
3. the first home computers had green letters on a small black screen.
4. his insisting that he was right made him unpopular with his associates.
5. the committee voted to adjourn immediately.
6. because of the storm, the excursion around the lake had to be postponed.
7. to watch a television program in the 1950s required letting the set warm up for about five minutes.
8. during early television programming, nightly news shows were fifteen minutes long.
9. modeling for fashion magazines has been sally’s dream since childhood.
10. we were obliged to abandon our plans, the boat having been damaged in a recent storm.
11. realizing that her mother’s illness was getting worse, christine decided to postpone her vacation.
12. to buy the new hybrid car, ben borrowed the down payment from his father.
13. the children were successful in developing their own lawn - mowing company.
14. the semester completed, the teachers planned to have a crab feast at druid hill park.
15. the distinguished - looking man in the blue suit is the head of the company.
16. earning a college degree requires that you make sacrifices.
17. the wonderful wizard of oz is one of the most popular books in american children’s literature.
18. on august 12, 1939, the film the wizard of oz premiered at the strand theatre in oconomowoc, wisconsin.
19. w. w. denslow was hired to illustrate the wonderful wizard of oz, the book on which the film was based.
20. two crates of lemons were delivered to the back door of the restaurant.
21. preparing for a dinner of barbecued ribs, mary put stacks of napkins in the middle of the table.
22. a car filled with students left early this morning to attend the class picnic.

Explanation:

Each boldfaced phrase is classified by identifying its grammatical structure:

1. Past participle phrase functioning as an adjective.
2. Present participle phrase functioning as an adjective.
3. Prepositional phrase functioning as an adjective.
4. Gerund phrase functioning as the subject.
5. Infinitive phrase functioning as the direct object.
6. Prepositional phrase functioning as an adverb.
7. Infinitive phrase (subject) + gerund phrase (object of "required").
8. Prepositional phrase functioning as an adverb.
9. Gerund phrase functioning as the subject.
10. Absolute phrase modifying the entire main clause.
11. Present participle phrase functioning as an adverb.
12. Infinitive phrase functioning as the subject.
13. Prepositional phrase functioning as an adjective.
14. Gerund phrase functioning as the object of "in".
15. Absolute phrase modifying the entire main clause.
16. Participial phrase functioning as an adjective.
17. Gerund phrase functioning as the subject.
18. Prepositional phrase functioning as an adjective.
19. Prepositional phrase functioning as an adverb.
20. Prepositional phrase functioning as an adjective.
21. Gerund phrase functioning as the subject.
22. Prepositional phrase functioning as an adjective.

Answer:

1. part
2. part
3. prep
4. ger
5. inf
6. prep
7. inf, ger
8. prep
9. ger
10. abs
11. part
12. inf
13. prep
14. ger
15. abs
16. part
17. ger
18. prep
19. prep
20. prep
21. ger
22. prep