Question

1. this molecule has the formula $c_6h_{12}o_6$ and is split in half during glycolysis = _g_ ______
2. the carbon atoms in pyruvic acid end up as _c_ ___ gas in the atmosphere following the krebs

cycle.

1. the folded inner membranes inside a mitochondrion are called _c_ ________.
2. during cellular respiration, atp synthase and etc are found in the _c_ ________ of the

mitochondria.

1. _a_ _______ _c___ forms when coenzyme a attaches to two carbons from pyruvic acid.
2. _g_ _________ is the storage form of glucose used by animal cells which can be broken

down for energy when glucose is used up.

1. the area inside the cristae where the krebs cycle happens is the _m_ _______.
2. _f_ ______ and _n_ _____ are the two electron carriers used during cellular respiration.
3. during cellular respiration, _o_ _______ accepts electrons and $h^+$ ions at the end of the etc

to form a water molecule.

1. _a_ ___________, like green plants, provide glucose and oxygen used by

_h_ ________________ for cellular respiration.

1. when glucose is used up humans can change to burning _g_ ___________ or _f_ ___.
2. in eukaryotes, fermentation happens in the _c_ ____________ outside the mitochondria.
3. prokaryotes can still do cellular respiration even though they dont have mitochondria because they have the etc proteins and atp synthase in their _p_ ________ _m_ _______.
4. adding a phosphate group to adp to make atp _s_ _______ energy and removing the phosphate group _r_ _________ energy.

Explanation:

1. Glucose ($C_6H_{12}O_6$) splits into pyruvate in glycolysis.
2. Krebs cycle releases $CO_2$ from pyruvate's carbon atoms.
3. Mitochondrial inner folds are cristae.
4. ETC and ATP synthase are on the inner mitochondrial membrane.
5. Coenzyme A binds pyruvate's 2-carbon fragment to form acetyl-CoA.
6. Glycogen is animal cells' glucose storage.
7. Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix.
8. NADH and FADH₂ carry electrons in respiration.
9. Oxygen is the final ETC electron acceptor, forming water.
10. Autotrophs (e.g., plants) make glucose; heterotrophs use it.
11. Humans burn glycogen then fats when glucose is low.
12. Eukaryotic fermentation is in the cytoplasm.
13. Prokaryotes have ETC/ATP synthase in their plasma membrane.
14. Phosphorylating ADP stores energy; dephosphorylating ATP releases it.

Answer:

1. Glucose
2. Carbon dioxide
3. Cristae
4. Inner mitochondrial membrane
5. Acetyl-CoA
6. Glycogen
7. Matrix
8. NADH and FADH₂
9. Oxygen
10. Autotrophs; heterotrophs
11. Glycogen; fats
12. Cytoplasm
13. Plasma membrane
14. Stores; releases