Question

1what chief problem does swift address englands war on ireland? englands poverty and lack of employment opportunities the irish war on england irelands widespread poverty and the governments lack of action 2which of the following best describes swifts tone? ironic and farcical depressing and somber hopefully optimistic animated enthusiasm 3what is the meaning of deference as used in the following line: \but with due deference to so excellent a friend and so deserving a patriot\? disrespect reverence apology conditional

Explanation:

1. Jonathan Swift's works often critiqued social issues. In the context of England - Ireland relations, he was more concerned with Ireland's situation. Ireland was facing poverty and the government (both English - imposed and sometimes Irish - complicit) was not taking adequate action.
2. Swift is known for his use of irony and satire. His works like A Modest Proposal use extreme, farcical ideas (like suggesting eating babies to solve poverty) to make a point, which shows an ironic and farcical tone.
3. The phrase “with due deference” is a common expression. “Deference” in this context means showing respect or reverence. It is a polite way of speaking, and in Swift's satirical works, it can sometimes be used ironically, but the literal meaning here (as per standard English usage) is related to respect.

Answer:

1. Ireland’s widespread poverty and the government’s lack of action
2. Ironic and farcical
3. Reverence