Question

1. base your answer to the question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.

the bourgeoisie, during its rule of scarcely one hundred years, has created more massive and more colossal productive forces than have all preceding generations together. subjection control of natures forces to man, machinery, application of chemistry to industry and agriculture, steam - navigation, railways, electric telegraphs, clearing of whole continents for cultivation, canalization channeling of rivers, whole populations conjured brought up out of the ground - what earlier century had even a presentiment previous notion that such productive forces slumbered in the lap of social labor?

• karl marx and friedrich engels, the communist manifesto

in this passage, marx and engels state that the bourgeoisie
a) implemented policies of ethnocentrism
b) expanded the manufacturing capacity
c) was controlled by natural forces
d) replaced railways with canals

1. base your answer to the following question on the speakers statements below.

speaker a: government should not interfere in relations between workers and business owners.
speaker b: the workers will rise up and overthrow the privileged class.
speaker c: private property will cease to exist. the people will own the means of production.
speaker d: a favorable balance of trade should be maintained by the use of tariffs.
which speaker is referring to laissez - faire capitalism?
a) a
b) b
c) c
d) d

1. base your answer to the following question on the graphic organizer below and on your knowledge of social studies.

which title best completes this graphic organizer?
a) reasons for latin american independence movements
b) impact of the scientific revolution
c) causes of the industrial revolution
d) results of nationalism in europe

1. base your answer to the following question on the proclamation below and on your knowledge of social studies.

article i. - general toussaint and general christophe are outlawed; every good citizen is commanded to seize them, and to treat them as rebels to the french republic.

• leclerc, saint - domingue proclamation (1802)

based on this 1802 french proclamation, the french government reacted to the haitian revolution by
a) accepting haitian demands to end slavery and oppression
b) encouraging haitians to rebel against french rule
c) ordering the capture of haitian revolutionary leaders
d) agreeing to give haitians all the right guaranteed to french citizens

Explanation:

Question 19

The passage mentions that the bourgeoisie has created more massive and more colossal productive forces than all preceding generations together. It also talks about the application of nature's forces to industry (like chemistry), machinery, agriculture, steam - navigation, railways, etc. This indicates an expansion of manufacturing capacity. Ethnocentrism (policy of believing one's own ethnic group is superior) is not mentioned. The passage says the bourgeoisie controls nature's forces, not that nature controls them. And it doesn't say railways were replaced by canals.

Laissez - faire capitalism is based on the idea that the government should not interfere in the economy. Speaker A says “Government should not interfere in relations between workers and business owners”, which is in line with the concept of laissez - faire. Speaker B is more about a workers' revolution (a socialist or communist idea). Speaker C is about the end of private property (a communist idea). Speaker D is about trade policy (tariffs) which is more related to mercantilism (a different economic system that focuses on a favorable balance of trade through government intervention like tariffs).

The graphic organizer has elements like “Impact of Enlightenment ideas” (which inspired Latin American independence movements), “Increasing discontent among people born in the colonies” (a common sentiment in Latin American colonies), “Weakening of Spain's power” (Spain was the colonial power in many Latin American regions), and “Emergence of strong leaders” (like Simon Bolivar). The Scientific Revolution (B) was more about scientific methods and discoveries. The Industrial Revolution (C) was about industrial production. The Nationalism in Europe (D) is a different context. The elements in the graphic organizer are all related to the reasons that led to Latin American independence movements.

Answer:

B. expanded the manufacturing capacity

Question 20