Question

14 multiple choice 5 points
what is the result of the radioactive decay of carbon - 14 to nitrogen - 14?
the nuclei become less stable.
the nuclei become more stable.
the number of protons decreases.
the number of neutrons increases.
15 multiple choice 5 points
compared to the gravitational force between two nucleons in an atom of helium, the nuclear force between the nucleons is
weaker and has a shorter range
weaker and has a longer range
stronger and has a shorter range
stronger and has a longer range

Explanation:

For question 14: Radioactive decay occurs to make nuclei more stable. Carbon - 14 decays to nitrogen - 14. Carbon - 14 has 6 protons and 8 neutrons (\(^{14}_6C\)), nitrogen - 14 has 7 protons and 7 neutrons (\(^{14}_7N\)). The decay is \(\beta^{-}\) decay (\(^{14}_6C
ightarrow^{14}_7N + e^{-}+\bar{
u}_e\)). The number of protons increases (from 6 to 7), the number of neutrons decreases (from 8 to 7). Since decay occurs to reach a more stable state.
For question 15: The nuclear force (strong force) is stronger than the gravitational force. The nuclear force is a short - range force (acts only within the nucleus, on the order of \(10^{-15}\)m), while the gravitational force is a long - range force (follows an inverse - square law \(F = G\frac{m_1m_2}{r^{2}}\) and acts over large distances).

Answer:

1. The nuclei become more stable.
2. stronger and has a shorter range