Question

1. if you want a darker stain, what can you do after the first coat dries?

10 what are two main categories/types of wood stains (in terms of base chemistry)?
11 what is one advantage and one disadvantage of oil - based stains (versus water - based)?
12 what issue can water - based stains cause on wood grain, and how is that usually remedied?

1. after staining, what kind of finish is usually applied to protect the wood?
2. how many coats of finish are typically recommended, and what should you do between coats?

15 why is it good to test your stain on a scrap piece (of the same wood) before applying it to the final piece?

Explanation:

1. Applying a second or additional coats after the first - coat dries will darken the stain.
2. The two main types of wood stains based on base chemistry are oil - based and water - based stains.
3. Advantage of oil - based stains: better durability and richer color; Disadvantage: longer drying time and stronger odor.
4. Water - based stains can raise the wood grain. This is usually remedied by sanding the wood lightly after the first coat dries.
5. After staining, polyurethane, varnish, or lacquer are commonly applied to protect the wood.
6. Typically 2 - 3 coats of finish are recommended. Between coats, lightly sand the surface to ensure better adhesion.
7. Testing on a scrap piece allows you to see how the stain will look on the wood, check for color consistency, and avoid mistakes on the final piece.

Answer:

1. Apply a second or additional coat.
2. Oil - based and water - based stains.
3. Advantage: better durability and richer color; Disadvantage: longer drying time and stronger odor.
4. Issue: Raises the wood grain; Remedy: Lightly sand the wood after the first coat dries.
5. Polyurethane, varnish, or lacquer.
6. 2 - 3 coats; Lightly sand the surface between coats.
7. To see how the stain will look, check for color consistency, and avoid mistakes on the final piece.