Question

write t for true or f for false. if false, rewrite the statement to make it true.
6.14) _____ water dissolves more types of matter than any other liquid.

6.15) _____ all mixtures are solutions, but not all solutions are mixtures.

choose the best answers.
6.16) _____ what happens to the appearance of sugar after it is mixed with water?
a. it does not change.
b. it changes into a different color.
c. it looks the same as the water.
6.17) _____ if you mix 5 g of salt with 10 g of water, what is the total mass of the solution?
a. 5 g
b. 15 g
c. 10 g
6.18) _____ which statement shows that matter is conserved in solutions?
a. when sugar is dissolved in water, the mixture becomes sweeter.
b. when salt is dissolved in water, the mixture becomes salty.
c. when a solid is dissolved in water, the solid cannot be seen but is still there.
d. when gas is dissolved in water, bubbles form.
6.19) _____ what happens to the volume of vinegar when salt is dissolved in it?
a. the volume becomes smaller.
b. the volume stays about the same.
c. the volume becomes larger.

Explanation:

6.14

Water is known as the universal solvent because it dissolves more types of matter than any other liquid. So the statement is True.

6.15

All solutions are mixtures (a homogeneous mixture of a solute and a solvent), but not all mixtures are solutions. For example, a mixture of sand and water is a heterogeneous mixture and not a solution. So the original statement is False. The corrected statement is: "All solutions are mixtures, but not all mixtures are solutions."

6.16

When sugar is mixed with water, it dissolves. In a solution of sugar and water, the sugar particles are evenly distributed among the water particles. Visually, the sugar seems to disappear and looks the same as the water (since it forms a homogeneous solution).

6.17

According to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the solution is the sum of the mass of the solute (salt) and the mass of the solvent (water). So, if we have \(m_{salt}=5g\) and \(m_{water} = 10g\), then \(m_{solution}=m_{salt}+m_{water}=5 + 10=15g\)

6.18

The law of conservation of matter (or mass) states that matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical or physical change. When a solid is dissolved in water, the solid cannot be seen but is still there. This shows that the matter (mass) of the solid is conserved (it just changes its state of dispersion in the solution). Options A and B talk about taste (which is a property, not about mass conservation), and option D talks about a physical appearance (bubbles) which is not related to mass conservation.

6.19

When salt is dissolved in vinegar (a liquid, mainly aqueous acetic acid), the salt (sodium chloride) dissociates into ions. The ions fit into the intermolecular spaces of the vinegar molecules. So the volume of the resulting solution stays about the same.

Answer:

6.14) T
6.15) F; All solutions are mixtures, but not all mixtures are solutions.
6.16) C
6.17) B
6.18) C
6.19) B