Question

which enlightenment philosopher is most closely associated with the idea of natural rights, including life, liberty, and property?
jean - jacques rousseau
baron de montesquieu
thomas hobbes
john locke
explain one way the english bill of rights (1689) limited the power of the british monarchy.
your answer
which document, written anonymously by john trenchard and thomas gordon, argued passionately against corruption and the abuse of government power?
catos letters
common sense
the english bill of rights
the mayflower compact

Explanation:

First Question (Multiple Choice)

John Locke was an Enlightenment philosopher who emphasized natural rights, specifically life, liberty, and property. Rousseau focused on the social contract and general will, Montesquieu on separation of powers, and Hobbes on a strong sovereign to avoid the state of nature. So the correct option is the one with John Locke.

The English Bill of Rights (1689) limited the monarchy in several ways. For example, it prohibited the monarch from suspending laws without parliamentary consent, or from levying taxes without parliamentary approval. Another way is that it restricted the monarch's ability to maintain a standing army in peacetime without parliamentary agreement, or it established that parliamentary elections should be free, and that members of Parliament have the right to freedom of speech in debates. (Any one valid way can be explained, here's one example: It prohibited the king from levying taxes without Parliament's approval, so the monarch's financial power was limited as they couldn't unilaterally impose taxes, requiring parliamentary consent.)

Cato’s Letters was written by John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon, arguing against corruption and government abuse of power. Common Sense was by Thomas Paine, the English Bill of Rights is a different document (a legal/constitutional text, not an argumentative work by these two), and the Mayflower Compact was an early colonial agreement. So the correct option is Cato’s Letters.

Answer:

D. John Locke

Second Question (Short Answer)