Question

1. when its summer in michigan (in the northern hemisphere), what season is it in australia (in the southern hemisphere), and why?

winter, because the southern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun.
winter, because the southern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun.
fall, because the earth is closer to the sun in the northern hemisphere.
spring, because the suns rays are the same in both hemispheres

Explanation:

The Earth's axis is tilted, and seasons are caused by the tilt relative to the Sun. When the Northern Hemisphere (Michigan) is tilted toward the Sun (summer), the Southern Hemisphere (Australia) is tilted away. Tilt away means less direct sunlight, leading to winter. The first option says Southern Hemisphere is tilted toward (wrong), the third is wrong (distance doesn't cause seasons), the fourth is wrong (rays aren't same). So the correct reasoning is the second option: Winter, because the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun.

Answer:

B. Winter, because the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun. (Note: Assuming the options are labeled as A, B, C, D with the second option being B as per typical multiple - choice formatting. If original options had different labels, adjust accordingly based on the second option's text.)