Question

when object 1 came into contact with object 2, object 2 got warmer. what can be concluded about the objects before they came into contact with each other?
object 2 did not have thermal energy.
object 1 had faster - moving particles.
object 1 had less thermal energy.
object 2 had fewer particles.

Explanation:

Heat transfer occurs from an object with higher temperature (faster - moving particles) to an object with lower temperature. When Object 1 and Object 2 come into contact and Object 2 gets warmer, it means heat is transferred from Object 1 to Object 2. Thermal energy is related to the motion of particles. Faster - moving particles imply higher thermal energy (in a general sense for the same type of substance and similar conditions).

• Object 2 must have had some thermal energy (all objects at non - absolute zero temperature have thermal energy), so the first option is wrong.
• Since heat is transferred from Object 1 to Object 2, Object 1 had a higher temperature, which means its particles were moving faster.
• If Object 1 had less thermal energy (assuming similar substances and conditions), heat would not transfer from it to make Object 2 warmer.
• The number of particles (mass) is not directly related to the direction of heat transfer in the way described in the problem. Heat transfer direction is mainly about temperature (particle motion for a given substance) not just the number of particles.

Answer:

Object 1 had faster - moving particles.