Question

what was one effect of the introduction of arabic numerals and mathematical concepts on african societies? it was limited to planning religious rituals and traditions. it had a negative effect on trade, as many had trouble learning the system. it had no significant impact on trade or education. it improved trade and recordkeeping, making economic activities more efficient.

Explanation:

Arabic numerals and mathematical concepts made record - keeping more accurate. This accuracy was crucial for trade, as it allowed for better calculation of goods, prices, and profits. For example, in transactions involving large quantities of goods (like gold, salt in African trade), precise numerical representation (using Arabic numerals) and mathematical operations (like addition for total value, multiplication for calculating the value of multiple units) improved the efficiency of trade.

Answer:

It improved trade and recordkeeping, making economic activities more efficient.