Question

what is the force that the man in this image is adding to the shovel with his hands (red arrows)? input force (also called effort force) output force

Explanation:

The man is applying a force to the shovel with his hands. In physics, when a person uses a tool like a shovel, the force they directly apply (in this case, with their hands) is called the input force (or effort force). The input force is what initiates the action. The output force would be the force exerted by the shovel on the load (e.g., the dirt). Since the question asks for the force the man is adding with his hands, it's the input force.

Answer:

input force (also called effort force)