Question

the vertical columns on the periodic table #1 - 18
subatomic particles
groups
periods
rows

Explanation:

In the periodic table, vertical columns are called groups (numbered 1 - 18). They contain elements with similar chemical properties due to having the same number of valence electrons. Rows are called periods, and subatomic particles are components of atoms like protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Answer:

B. Groups