Question

the velocity of an object in meters per second varies directly with time in seconds since the object was dropped, as represented by the table.
velocity of a falling object

time (seconds)	velocity (meters/second)
1	9.8
2	19.6
3	29.4
4	39.2

the acceleration due to gravity is the constant of variation. what is the acceleration due to gravity of a falling object?
○ $4.9 \frac{m}{s^2}$
○ $9.8 \frac{m}{s^2}$
○ $10.2 \frac{m}{s^2}$
○ $19.6 \frac{m}{s^2}$

Explanation:

Step1: Recall direct variation formula

For direct variation, \( v = kt \), where \( v \) is velocity, \( t \) is time, and \( k \) is the constant of variation (acceleration due to gravity here).

Step2: Calculate \( k \) using a data point

Take \( t = 1 \) second and \( v = 9.8 \) m/s. Substitute into \( v = kt \):
\( 9.8 = k \times 1 \)
So, \( k = 9.8 \frac{m}{s^2} \). We can verify with other points (e.g., \( t = 2 \), \( v = 19.6 \): \( 19.6 = k \times 2 \Rightarrow k = 9.8 \)), confirming \( k = 9.8 \frac{m}{s^2} \).

Answer:

B. \( 9.8 \frac{m}{s^2} \)