Question

true/false (1pt. each)
for each of the following, decide if the statement is true or false.

1. atoms have a positive charge.
2. electrons have no mass and do not count towards the atomic weight of an atom.
3. life is anything that has mass and takes up space.
4. an atom with equal numbers of electrons than protons has a positive charge.
5. a covalent bond forms between two atoms that share electrons to form a molecule.
6. an atom with 7 neutrons and 5 protons has an atomic number of 5.
7. an oxygen atom (atomic number 8) has 7 electrons in its outer valence shell/orbital
8. an atom with no charge and 10 electrons has an atomic number of 10
9. an atom with a charge of (-1) that has 10 protons must also have 11 electrons

10.hydrogen has 1 for an atomic number. therefore, it must have 2 electrons in its outermost valence energy level.

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze statement 1

Atoms are neutral. Protons (+), electrons (-), neutrons (no charge). So atoms don't have a positive charge.

Step2: Analyze statement 2

Electrons have mass (\(m_e = 9.1\times10^{-31}\text{ kg}\)), but it's negligible compared to protons and neutrons. Atomic weight is mainly from protons and neutrons.

Step3: Analyze statement 3

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Life is a biological concept.

Step4: Analyze statement 4

An atom with equal number of electrons and protons is neutral. Positive charge when more protons.

Step5: Analyze statement 5

Covalent bond: atoms share electrons to form a molecule.

Step6: Analyze statement 6

Atomic number = number of protons.

Step7: Analyze statement 7

Oxygen (atomic number 8): 2 electrons in first shell, 6 in valence shell.

Step8: Analyze statement 8

Neutral atom: number of electrons = number of protons = atomic number.

Step9: Analyze statement 9

Charge = protons - electrons. \(- 1=10 - e\), \(e = 11\).

Step10: Analyze statement 10

Hydrogen (atomic number 1): 1 electron. Valence level (first shell) can hold 2, but only 1 electron.

Answer:

1. False
2. False
3. False
4. False
5. True
6. True
7. False
8. True
9. True
10. False